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scientific edition of Bauman MSTU

SCIENCE & EDUCATION

Bauman Moscow State Technical University.   El № FS 77 - 48211.   ISSN 1994-0408

Instrument Engineering, Metrology and Information-Measuring Devices and Systems

Monopulse location sounding method for natural fossils
# 12, December 2012
DOI: 10.7463/1212.0482683
M.L. Belov, A.M. Belov, V.A. Gorodnichev, B.V. Strelkov
In this paper the authors study capabilities of the monopulse optical location method of measuring reflection coefficient of natural fossils. It was shown that use of quadrature formulae and a regularization method allows to reconstruct spatial distribution of smooth varying reflectivity under the conditions of measurement noise in a wide coverage area of the optical locator
Thermal compensation of the measuring channel of the pressure sensor on the basis of semi-conductor integrated transducers
# 11, November 2012
DOI: 10.7463/1112.0482504
A.B. Borzov, K.P. Likhoedenko, V. Yu. Cygankov, A.I. Vlasov, Yu.N. Tinyakov, K.A. Andreev, T.A. Civinskaya
 Approaches to the problem of temperature compensation of measuring errors of the channel in pressure sensor for spacecraft operating under severe conditions were considered. It was shown that, for correction and, consequently, for temperature compensation of the pressure sensor output two different methods could be used. The first one is ancillary temperature measurements, the second one is ancillary measurements of reference signals. Technical solutions for creating  thermally isolated cells and electronic circuit for temperature compensation of sensors error were developed and tested. Methods of temperature compensation of zero drift and sensitivity of piezoresistive semiconductor pressure sensors were defined. Values of the temperature error were obtained; they allowed us to put manufactured measurement channel according to GOST 22250-93 into class 0.25 accuracy. 
Experimental studies of laser fluorescence method for remote sensing of plants in stressful situations due to mechanical injuries
# 11, November 2012
DOI: 10.7463/1112.0480063
Yu.V. Fedotov, O.A. Bullo, O.A. Matrosova, M.L. Belov, V.A. Gorodnichev
Experimental setup for studying the condition of plants by laser fluorescence method is described in this article. Fluorescence spectra of lawn grass in normal and stressful situations is also presented. It is shown that influence of stress factor on plants could lead to increase in fluorescent signal.
Study of the influence of angular aberrations of the optical-electronic coordinator lens on the quality of measuring the mutual angular misalignment of the laser beams
# 11, November 2012
DOI: 10.7463/1112.0479575
N.V. Baryshnikov, I.V. Jivotovskii, T.S. Piskunov
This article considers a self-alignment system (SAS) designed to measure the mutual angular position of laser beams while designing, operating and adjusting high-precision laser optical-electronic systems (OES). A method of measuring angular misalignment of optical axes of receiving and transmitting system channels with the use of various algorithms of digital signal processing is proposed. Measurement error is analyzed; technique for reducing this error by means of optimization of lens optical system, which is used to perform those measurements, is proposed
Modeling of zero signal compensation processes in MEMS gyroscope
# 09, September 2012
DOI: 10.7463/0912.0476265
S.F. Konovalov, V.P. Podchezercev, Yu.A. Ponomarev
One of the most important characteristics of micromechanical gyroscopes is zero-signal value. Studies have shown that pattern shift to 1 micron (achievable accuracy of double-sided photolithography) results in appearance of zero signal corresponding to angular velocity of TLS which exceeds the measurement range. The main sources of this signal are: pendulum asymmetry and technological inaccuracy during manufacturing the SE elastic suspension. Influence of pendulum asymmetry on the zero-signal value can be minimized by design and technological measures. This article presents the results of investigations into the possibility of compensation of manufacturing defects of elastic suspension which are due to a shift of etching photomasks with double-sided photolithography used in manufacturing suspensions.
Magnetoelectric drive with transformer current leads for float gyroscopic devices
# 10, October 2012
DOI: 10.7463/1012.0466325
Yu.G. Sherstnyakov, V.V. Nazarov
In the article the authors give a rationale for the selection of the magnetoelectric drive with transformer current leads. They created a mathematical model of electromagnetic processes in the drive with account of steady-state conditions. A vector diagram of voltages and currents showing their mutual relationships was constructed. From these equations the authors obtained analytical expressions of mechanical characteristic and of electromagnetic coefficient of efficiency. For these expressions a family of mechanical characteristics and coefficient of efficiency for different amplitude values ​​and the initial phase of the input voltage was constructed. The authors analyzed the characteristics and drew conclusions.
Predictor method for conflict-optimal interaction of multiborder air-defense identification system and air-based system on the basis of the model "Patriot"
# 10, October 2012
DOI: 10.7463/1012.0466556
Syan'czyan' Chjan
The author forms and studies a complex algorithm of interaction between a ground defense system and air forces aircraft, combining task allocation systems for both systems and dynamics of the forecast results. The author solves the problem of synthesis of a control system for multirate forecast on the basis of asymptotic behavior of multi-program control.
Method of determining the formula of white blood
# 10, October 2012
DOI: 10.7463/1012.0465287
J.V. Shtadel'mann, I.N. Spiridonov
Differential count is one of the main stages of a blood test. In this paper the authors consider methods of determining the formula of white blood on the basis of images of medications, the method of segmentation of nuclei and cytoplasm, and features used for classification.
Adaptation of neural network algorithm to velocities classified by acoustic radiation facilities
# 10, October 2012
DOI: 10.7463/1012.0462849
G.L. Pavlov, V.K. Hohlov
The authors propose a way to adapt the neural network algorithm based on an assessment of the average frequency of fluctuations in realization of the input signal and tuning of the clock frequency in estimating the number of samples in each interval between zeros of signal implementation.It allows you to achieve invariance of distribution of duration of intervals between zeros with respect to velocity of objects classified by the neural network.
Study of thermal degradation of AuGeNi ohmic contacts of resonant tunneling diodes based on nanoscale AlAs / GaAs heterostructures
# 09, September 2012
DOI: 10.7463/0912.0453636
M.O. Makeev, Yu.A. Ivanov, S.A. Meshkov, V.V. Nazarov
The authors conducted a study of thermal degradation of AuGeNi RTD ohmic contacts. They propose an analytical dependence of contact resistance of AuGeNi RTD ohmic contacts on temperature and time (valid at temperatures ≤ 300 ° C). It can be used to predict reliability of RTD and electronic devices based on it in the given operating conditions.
Design features of fusing devices for conventional artillery ammunition. Part 1 – Forces acting on fusing systems of the particular type of ammunition.
# 08, August 2012
DOI: 10.7463/0812.0452053
V.Ya. Kozlov
The article considers design features of fuzing devices with conventional artillery ammunition. The author defines their interconnection with operating conditions of the munition, their dynamics and the nature of target. The author provides assessment of fuse functioning in their practical application during fighting. The “trademark” concept introduced by the author allowed to analyze design of typical fuses in these munitions and to reveal their fundamental differences from the design of fuses with a different type of ammunition. The material presented in the article is of great interest to graduate students of universities and industry experts.
Design features of fusing devices for conventional artillery ammunition. Part 2 - Analysis of design of typical fusing devices of this kind of ammunition
# 09, September 2012
DOI: 10.7463/0912.0452096
V.Ya. Kozlov
 The article considers design features of fuzing devices with conventional artillery ammunition. The author defines their interconnection with operating conditions of the munition, their dynamics and the nature of target. The author provides assessment of fuse functioning in their practical application during fighting. The “trademark” concept introduced by the author allowed to analyze design of typical fuses in these munitions and to reveal their fundamental differences from the design of fuses with a different type of ammunition. The material presented in the article is of great interest to graduate students of universities and industry experts.
Efficiency of detecting penetrating radiation in "Meteor" satellites
# 08, August 2012
DOI: 10.7463/0812.0450381
A.A. Nusinov, S.I. Avdyuschin, E.A. Ginzburg, A.I. Nazarenko, V.P. Nikitskii, Yu.V. Pisanko, P.M. Svidskii, I.S. Yudkevich
The authors consider methodical and practical questions of detecting penetrating radiation in "Meteor" satellites as one of the important factors affecting the equipment operation in space. To implement dosimetry estimates the authors calculated active threshold energies and geometric factors for Geiger, Cherenkov and scintillation detectors of penetrating radiation which are included in the complex KGI-4S satellite "Meteor-3M» № 1 designed to detect particles with energies up to 600 MeV for protons and up to 7 MeV for electrons .
Analytical and optimization method of aberration synthesis in optical systems
# 07, July 2012
DOI: 10.7463/0712.0442505
D.E. Piskunov, A.M. Horohorov
The authors proposes an analytical and optimization method of aberration synthesis in optical system to allow automated analysis of lenses with fifth-order aberrations. The method is based on expansion of lateral aberration into Chebyshev polynomials, followed by minimization of the expansion coefficients.
Research and development of MEMS sensor element of protection of information and telecommunication equipment in unmanned spacecraft with electromagnetic launch
# 07, July 2012
DOI: 10.7463/0712.0442268
A.B. Borzov, K.P. Likhoedenko, V.B Suchkov, A.V. Kapustyan, D.A. Vasil'ev, V. Yu. Cygankov, Yu.N. Tinyakov
The authors consider approaches to creation of security features for information and telecommunication equipment in an unmanned space vehicle (SV) with electromagnetic launch. It is shown that the main element of the microelectromechanical sensor element - the key - is a beam with a loaded core. The authors provide theoretical calculations and a table of geometric dimensions of sensor elements for two thresholds achieved with electromagnetic starting of SV - 2500 and 3000 acceleration of gravity of free fall (g). The authors consider MEMS key manufacturing technology and propose several ways to make them. The results of experimental studies under static and dynamic g forces are also presented in the article.
Errors of rotary vibratory gyroscope with rotating circular oscillations carrier
# 06, June 2012
DOI: 10.7463/0612.0440772
A.V. Kuleshov, V.V. Fateev
In the article the authors consider a rotary vibratory gyroscope for the rotating unit with negative velocity feedback and with the integrator in the output stage of the electronic module. The authors present kinematic and structural gyroscope schemes. They show features of behavior of the gyroscope with a circular oscillations carrier. There are also results of their research of the impact of the circular oscillation frequency carrier on the amplitude and phase of the output device.
Processing interferograms from static Fourier transform spectrometer
# 06, June 2012
DOI: 10.7463/0612.0432616
I.S. Golyak, A.A. Esakov
The authors propose an algorithm for processing interferograms obtained with a static Fourier spectrometer. The spectra of secondary radiation of a certain range of substances in the visible and near ultraviolet fields of the spectrum appear when they are excited by different sources of radiation. The authors present and discuss the results of processing of their experiments.
Design technique of two-section primary measuring converter of air ion spectrometer
# 07, July 2012
DOI: 10.7463/0712.0429031
V.A. Karpuhin, Yu.I. Zotov
The authors developed a design technique of a two-sectional primary measuring converter for the air ion counter with complex spectral structure. Primary measuring converter providing mobility separation of air ions was proposed as a basic element of the small-sized air ion spectrometer. The proposed technique allows to estimate behavior of air ions in the measuring chamber representing a two-chamber cylindrical condenser, and to calculate values of the current created by a stream of air ions through the chosen cylindrical site of the measuring chamber. It also allows one to separate air ions by mobility over their sedimentation in different chambers of the primary measuring converter.
Laser gas analysis of multicomponent gas mixtures in case of rough known matrix of gas absorption coefficients
# 08, August 2012
DOI: 10.7463/0812.0428796
M.L. Belov, A.Yu. Busargin, V.A. Gorodnichev, L.N. Eremenko
The paper describes the problem of gas reconstruction in laser gas analysis in case of rough known matrix of gas absorption coefficients. Signal processing procedures based on the projective method were described for the differential absorption method. It was shown that use of projective method allows to solve the problem of gas reconstruction for multicomponent gas mixtures in case of rough known matrix of gas absorption coefficients efficiently.
Mathematical model of digital infrared remote sensing system
# 06, June 2012
DOI: 10.7463/0612.0423297
Yu.G. Veselov, S.P. Gulevitch, I.V. Karpikov, A.S. Ostrovsky
 A mathematical model of the digital infrared remote sensing system (IRS) of "watching" type was developed. It allows to estimate the value of IRS angular resolution depending on application conditions and its structural and technological features.
 
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