Vasyukov

pp. 209-229

Existing shock sensors for car protection using the sensitive elements (SE) of piezoelectric, microphone and electromagnetic types and the analogue circuits of signal processing, have a number of essential shortcomings, such as "false" operations, instable temperature characteristics, nonlinear adjusting characteristic, and inconvenient control via variable resistors. The article considers issues to design the two-zone digital shock sensors with a SE of electromagnetic type. It offers a SE design, a circuitry solution, and algorithms of signal processing, which allow a remote control of prevention and alarm zones (with 16 gradations of sensitivity) and an algorithm for self-adapting to repeating external impacts. The method has been developed to form the basic levels of digital comparators for each gradation of sensitivity. Using this method enables the sensor to have the straight-line adjusting characteristic. Prospects for using the 3-axial micromechanical accelerometers as a SE of the shock sensors are proved.

The existing analog circuit-based microwave sensors for car alarm systems have high power consumption and high level of intrinsic noise, causing "false" alarm of response sensors; non-stable temperature characteristics that require readjusting the sensor during the transition from the summer season to the winter one; adjusting the nonlinear characteristics and uneasy adjusting with variable resistors.The paper concerns the issues of designing the two-zone digital microwave sensors. It proposes a circuitry and algorithms for digital signals processing. This allows the 6-8 times reduction of power consumption, cut of noise level in half thereby increasing the sensor sensitivity and implementing a remote setting of warning and alarm zones (16 levels of sensitivity) and an algorithm of self-adaption to the repetitive external actions. The paper proposes a method for generating the reference levels of digital comparators at each gradation of sensitivity to linearize the output characteristic of the sensor.

The author studies the operation of a three-axle 12-electrode electrostatic suspension with regulation of high potentials according to the PW control law and with combined displacement sensors. The author considers problems of choosing the law of potentials control and their impact on the amplitude of forced vibrations of the rotor. The dynamic motion sensor error is studied. The results of simulation of forced oscillations for two management options and different levels of high voltage reference are presented in the article.

The article considers questions of creating digital stabilization systems for electrostatic suspensions of spherical vacuum-drive gyroscopes and floating-type pendulous accelerometer with regulation of high-voltage potentials on electrodes according to the PDM principle. The author gives recommendations regarding selection of regulator structures, sample rates and capacity of controllers for devices with hollow and solid rotors are given. As a result of calculations and simulation the author shows a possibility of applying discrete correction in suspensions of floating-type devices and vacuum suspensions of hollow rotors which have major diameters.